RFA Lymph Node

Overview

‍Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of a lymph node is a minimally invasive technique used to treat metastatic lymph nodes in the neck, particularly those affected by thyroid cancer. This procedure uses radiofrequency energy to heat and destroy cancerous tissue, offering a targeted approach to managing metastatic disease. In the United States, guidelines do not recommend this treatment as a first-line therapy for patients who have metastatic thyroid cancer, and instead it should be used for palliation or for patients who are at high risk with another surgery. The major reason for this logic is because there is a very high recurrence rate after treating a metastatic lymph node with RFA.

Laser and microwave could also both be used, but have somewhat different risks. At the Russell Center, we do not use those modalities for lymph nodes at this time, and we are happy to explain our reasons to you if you ask.

Procedure

‍During RFA, a thin needle electrode is inserted into the metastatic lymph node under ultrasound guidance. Radiofrequency energy is delivered through the electrode, generating heat that destroys the cancerous tissue. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia and on an outpatient basis, allowing patients to return home the same day.

Benefits and Risks

‍RFA offers several benefits, including a minimally invasive approach, reduced recovery time, and the ability to target specific lymph nodes without affecting surrounding healthy tissue. It is an effective option for patients with recurrent or persistent metastatic lymph nodes. Potential risks include infection, bleeding, and unintended damage to surrounding structures. Your doctor will discuss these risks with you in detail before the procedure.

Recovery and Follow-Up

‍Recovery from RFA is usually quick, with most patients resuming normal activities within a few days. Some mild discomfort at the treatment site is normal and can be managed with over-the-counter pain medications. Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor the treated lymph nodes and ensure the procedure's success. Additional treatments may be needed if new metastatic nodes are detected.